From Production to Resilience and Sovereignty: A Historical Thematic Synthesis of Food Security Frameworks for Morocco's Compound Vulnerabilities

Abstract

This article explores the evolution of food security frameworks, moving from production sufficiency and entitlement-based access towards broader dimensions such as stability, utilization, resilience, and food sovereignty, while relating these concepts to Morocco’s context.
Despite initiatives such as the Plan Maroc Vert, Morocco's food system continues to face recurring droughts and significant import dependency. It also suffers from limited adaptive capacity and fragmented governance structures. This article builds a simple integrated model to help understand how climate pressures and geopolitical disruptions together affect Morocco’s food system.